8. Cell-Structure and functions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 – Complete Chapter-wise Study Material

8. Cell-Structure and functions is one of the most important chapters in the Class 8 Science English NCERT Solutions curriculum. This chapter plays a significant role in helping students build a strong conceptual foundation while preparing for school examinations, class tests, unit tests, half-yearly examinations, annual examinations, and CBSE board assessments. The chapter has been carefully designed according to the latest NCERT syllabus, making it an essential part of every student's study plan.

The 8. Cell-Structure and functions - Class 8 Science English NCERT Solutions available on ATP Education explain every question in a simple, accurate, and step-by-step manner. Each answer is prepared according to the latest CBSE guidelines so that students can understand the concepts clearly without confusion. Whether you are completing your homework, revising before examinations, or strengthening your understanding of the subject, these solutions provide reliable academic support throughout your learning journey.

One of the biggest advantages of studying 8. Cell-Structure and functions is that it helps students understand important concepts, definitions, examples, and textbook exercises in an organized way. Instead of memorizing answers, students learn how to develop logical thinking, improve analytical skills, and write well-structured answers in examinations. This chapter also helps improve problem-solving ability and encourages conceptual learning, which is essential for scoring higher marks in school and competitive examinations.

Our Class 8 Science NCERT Solutions cover all textbook questions, important exercise questions, and chapter-wise explanations in English Medium. Every solution is written in easy-to-understand language, allowing students to revise the chapter quickly before examinations. Regular practice of these solutions improves confidence, strengthens subject knowledge, and reduces examination stress.

Students preparing for school assessments should carefully study 8. Cell-Structure and functions because questions from this chapter are frequently asked in objective questions, short answer questions, long answer questions, competency-based questions, and case-study questions. Understanding the concepts explained in this chapter also helps students connect related topics from other chapters, making overall learning more effective and meaningful.

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8. Cell-Structure and functions - Class 8 Science English NCERT Solutions

Chapter Review

Class 8 Science English Updated : 06 March 2026

Chapter Review:

The structural and functional unit of the living organism is called cell.
Cells were first observed in cork by Robert Hooke in 1665.
The smallest living part of an organism is a ‘cell’.
Cells exhibit variety of shapes and sizes.
The organism which is made of only one cell that is called unicellular organism. Ex : amoeba and paramecium.
The organism which is made of more than one cell are called multi cellular organism. Ex : human and tree.
A tissue is a group of similar cells having a specific function
The nucleus contains thread-like structures called chromosomes.
Genes control the transfer of hereditary characteristic from parent to offspring; it is carried by the chromosomes.
Green colour plastid is called chloroplast.
The nerve cell receives and transfers messages, thereby helping to
control and coordinate the working of different parts of the body.
The smallest cell is 0.1 to 0.5 micrometre in bacteria. The largest
cell measuring 170 mm ×130 mm, is the egg of an ostrich.
Gene is a unit of inheritance in living organisms. It controls the transfer of a hereditary characteristic from parents to offspring.
Nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane called the nuclear membrane.
The cells having nuclear material without nuclear membrane are termed prokaryotic cells.Examples are bacteria and blue green algae.
The cells, like onion cells and cheek cells having well organised nucleus with a nuclear membrane are designated as eukaryotic cells.
They are scattered in the cytoplasm of the leaf cells. These are called plastids.
Coloured bodies called plastids are found in the plant cells only.
Green plastids containing chlorophyll are called chloroplasts.

8. Cell-Structure and functions

Text Book Exercise

Class 8 Science English Updated : 06 March 2026

Exercise

Q1. Indicate whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).

(a) Unicellular organisms have one-celled body. (T/F)

(b) Muscle cells are branched. (T/F)

(c) The basic living unit of an organism is an organ. (T/F)

(d) Amoeba has irregular shape. (T/F)

Answer : (a) (T), (b) (F), (c) (F), (d) (T).

Q2. Make a sketch of the human nerve cell. What function do nerve cells perform?.

Answer : The nerve cell receives and transfers messages, therby helping to control and coordinate the working of different parts of the body.

Q3. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Cytoplasm (b) Nucleus of a cell

Answer : (i) Cytoplasm : it is the jelly-like substance fou nd in between the nucleus and the cell membrane. It contains nucleus and many small structures called organelles. Cytoplasm, along with nucleoplasm, forms the living substance of the cell, called the protoplasm.

(ii) Nucleus : It is an important components of the living cell. It is generally spherical and located in the centre of the cell. It can be stained and seen easily with the help of a microscope. Nucleus is separted form the cytoplasm by a membrane called the nuclesr membrane. the liquid substance of the nucleus is termed as nucleoplasm.

Q4. Which part of the cell contains organelles?

Answer : Cytoplas m contains organelles of the cell.

Q5. Make sketches of animal and plant cells. State three differences between them.

Answer : Fig. 8.2. (a) Animal cell, (b) Plant cell.

Q6. State the difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Answer : Eukaryotes have well-organised nucleus with nuclear membrane while prokaryotes do not have this.

Q7. Where are chromosomes found in a cell? State their function.

Answer : Chromosomes are found in nucleus of the cell. They carry genes and help in inheritance i.e., transfer of characters from the parents to te offspring.

Q8. ‘Cells are the basic structural units of living organisms’. Explain.

Answer : Cells many Cells in the body acumulate to build tissue. Tissues form body organs and body organs form body system. All systems forms a body. As cells give shape to the body. This may be compared to bricks. Brickes are assembled to make a building. So, cell is called the basic structural unit of loiving organisms.

Q9. Explain why chloroplasts are found only in plant cells?

Answer : Chloroplast contain chlorophyll which synthesise food in plant by the process of photosynthesis. No photosynthesis occurs in animals. So, they do not contion chloroplasts.

Q10. Complete the crossword puzzle with the help of cules given below.

Across

1. This is necessary for photo - synthesis.

3. term for component presesnt in the cytoplasm.

6. The living substance in the cell.

8. Unit of inheritance present on the chromosomes.

Down

1. Green plastids.

2. Formed by collection of tissues.

4. It separates contents of the cell from the surrounding medium.

5. Empty structure in the cytoplasm.

7. A group of cells.

Answer:

8. Cell-Structure and functions

Text Book Exercise

Class 8 Science English Updated : 06 March 2026

Text Book Exercise: