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Chapter 1. What, Where, How and When

NCERT Exercise

Exercise - Question:

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Que: Match the following:

Column I	Column II
Narmada Valley	The first big kingdom
Magadha	Hunting and gathering
Garo hills	Cities about 2500 years ago
Indus and its tributaries	Early agriculture
Ganga Valley	The first cities

Ans:

Column I	ColumnII
Narmada Valley	Hunting and gathering
Magadha	The first big kingdom
Garo hills	Early agriculture
Indus and its tributaries	Cities about 2500 years ago
Ganga valley	The first cities

Que: List one major difference between manuscripts and inscriptions.

Ans:

Manuscripts	inscriptions
The old books written by hands are called manuscripts. They are usally written on plam leaf or on specilly prepared bark of a tree known as birch which grow in the himalays.	Inscriptions are written on hard surfaces such as stone or metals.

Let’s discuss

Que: Return to Rasheeda’s question. Can you think of some answers to it?

Ans:

Rasheeda's question was how could anyone known what had happened so many years  ago. there are various ways by which the people can about the past.

(i) The remains left by the early man in the from tools, potter, jewellery ect.

(ii) After man had learnt the art of writing he worte on leaves and  even on hard materials. We have been able t read the scripts of these peple (in many case).  

Que: Make a list of all the objects that archaeologists may find. Which of these could be made of stone?

Ans:

The archeaologists study the remains of buildings made of bricks, painting and sculpture. They also dig under the surface of earth to fknd tools, weapons, ports, pans and ornament and coins. tools and weapons could have been made of stone. Buildings were also made of stone.      

Que: Why do you think ordinary men and women did not generally keep records of what they did?

Ans: The ordinary men did not keep a reward of what they did beacouse they di,d not known how to read and write. There was specialized class of people called scribes who recorded all the events.

Que: Describe at least two ways in which you think the lives of kings would have been different from those of farmers.

Ans: The king led a luxurious life. He made all the decision for the society and looked  after their welfare. They led the armies in war.

Farmers: They worked very hard to grow crops for the people. They led an ordinary life, where he could barely fulfill his needs.

Let’s do

Que: Find the word crafts persons on page 1. List at least five different crafts that you know about today. Are the crafts persons — (a) men (b) women (c) both men and women?

Ans: Carfts person are the people who make things at home with simple tools and with the help of family members.

The different carfts are: (a)Spinning and weaving of cloth on handloams, (b) Blacksmiths (c)Pottery making (d) Inely work.

The carfts person can both be men and women. Some carfts like work of blacksmith can be done mainely by men. Some other like pottery making is done men & women.

Que: What were the subjects on which books were written in the past? Which of these would you like to read?

Ans: The book dealt with all kind of subject like religious beliefs and practices, the live of kings medicine and science. In addition there were epics, poems and plays. The most popular eplcs  of india are ramayana and mahabharta. would Ilike to read these two books.

Chapter 1. What, Where, How and When

Additional Questions

Additional Question:

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Que: What do you know about the lacation of the Sulaiman and Kirthar hills.

                                                        or

Where are the sulaiman and kirthar hills located?

Ans: The Sulaiman and Kirthar hills are located in the modem day Pakistan. 

Que: Name any two animals which the people of the Sulaiman and kirthar hills reared.

Ans: Sheep and goat.

Que: Where are the Garo hills located?

Ans: The Garo hills are in the north - east of india.

Que: What are tributaries?

Ans: Tributaries are smaller rivers that flow into a bigger river.

Que: Name the tributary of the river Ganga.

Ans: Son.

Que: Where was Magadha located?

Ans: Magadha was located in the south of the Ganga.

Que: Why was Magadha famous?

Ans: Magadha was famous because its mlers were very powerful who established a big kingdom.

Que: What was the job of religious teachers?

Ans: Religious teachers moved from one place to another to offer instruction and advice to the people who met n the way.

Que: From where does the world india come?

Ans: The world India comes from rthe Indus, known as Sindhu in Sanskrit.

Que: What is meants by the manuscript?

Ans: manuscript is a hand - written matter.

Que: What was used in ancient times to write manuscripts?

Ans: Plam leaf or the bark of the birch tree was used in ancient rtimes to write manuscripts.

Que: What are inscriptions?

Ans: Inscriptions are writings on relavely hard surface like stone or metal.

Que: Wy do archaeologists look for bones of animals, birds, and fish.

Ans: They do so in order to find out what people ate in the past.

Que: What are the occupations of the people of the Andaman Islands?

Ans: The people o the Andaman Islands are engaged in fishing, hunting, and collecting forest produce.

Que: What do you know about the earliest people who lived along the banks of river Narmada for several hunderd thousand years?

Ans: Those people were skilled gatherers. They gathered their food. They also collected roots, fruits and other forest produce for their food. they also hunted animals foe this purpose. 

Que: People in the earliest times used to travel from one place to another. but their journeys were full of dangers. What type of dangers did they face?

Ans: It is true that people in the earliest times used to travel from this place to that. But their journerys were dangerous. The hills, and high mountains including the Himalayas, deserts, rivers and seas created dangers for them. but they never got afraid of them. Instead they overcame them and continued to travel. 

Que: Who are archaeologist? what do they do?

Ans: Arachaeologists are persons who study the objects of the past. They study the remains of the buildings made of stone and brick, paintings and sculpture. They also explore and dig the earth in order to find out tools, weapons, pots, pans, ornamnts and coins. 

Que: How are city different from the people living in the Andman Islands?

Ans: People livingm in the Andaman Islands manage their own food by fishing, hunting and collecting forest produce. On the other hand city, people depend on others for supplies of food.

Que: How can you say that historians and archaeologists are like detectives.

Ans: Historians often use the world source to refer to the information from manuscripts, inscriptions and archaelogy. Once source are found from manuscripts, inscriptions nad archaeology. Once sources are found, learning about the past becomes an adventure, as we reconstruct it bit. So, historians and archaeologists are like detectives who use all these sources like clues to discover the past.