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Chapter Review:

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• Blood is the fluid which flows in blood vessels. It transports
  substances like digested food from the small intestine to the other parts of thebody. It carries oxygen from the lungs
  to the cells of the body. It also transportswaste for removal from the body.
• Plasma is called the fluid part of blood.

• There are three types of blood cells. (i) Red blood cells (RBC)  (ii) White blood cells (WBC) (iii) Platelets .

• There are three types of blood vessels.(i) Artery (ii)  Vein  (iii)  Capillary.

• Blood cells are transported by veins and arteris .

• Blood is red due to the presence of a red pigment, haemoglobin.

• The red blood cells (RBC) which contain a red pigment called haemoglobin.

• White blood cells (WBC) which fight against germs that may enter our body.

• The clot is formed because of the presence of another type of cells in the blood, called platelets.

• The number of beats per minute is called the pulse rate. A resting
  person, usually has a pulse rate between 72 and 80 beats per minute.

• The heart has four chambers these are right Atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle. 

• The two upper chambers are called the atria.

• The two lower chambers are called the ventricles.

• The doctor feels your heartbeats with the help of an instrument called a stethoscope.

• The process of removal of wastes produced in the cells of the living organisms is called excretion.

• The excretory organs kidneys ,ureters and urinary bladder. 

• A tissue is a group of cells that perform specialised function in an organism.

• The vascular tissue for the transport of water and nutrients in the plant is called the xylem.

• The vascular tissue for the transport of food  in the plant is called the phloem.

Exercise 

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1. Match structures given in Column I with functions given in Column II. Column I         Column II

(i) Stomata       (a) Absorption of water

(ii) Xylem         (b) Transpiration

(iii) Root hairs    (c) Transport of food

(iv) Phloem       (d) Transport of water

Answer:

Column I	Column II
(i) Stomata	(b) Transpiration
(ii) Xylem	(d) Transport of food
(iii) Root hair	(a) Absorption of water
(iv) Pholem	(c) Transport of food

2. Fill in the blanks.

(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the___________ .

(ii) Haemoglobin is present in ____________ cells.

(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of ___________ .

(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called ____________ .

(v) The main excretory product in human beings is ____________ .

(vi) Sweat contains water and __________ .

(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called .

(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by .

Answer:

(i) Arteries

(ii) Red blood

(iii) Capilaries

(iv) Hart beat

(v) Urea

(vi) Salt

(vii) Urine

(viii) Transportation

3. Choose the correct options:

(a) In plants, water is transported through 

(i) Xylem (ii) Phloem (iii) Stomata (iv) Root hair

(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants

(i) in the shade    (ii) in dim light

(iii) under the fan  (iv) covered with a polythene bag

Answer:

(a) (i) Xylem

(b) (iii) Under the fan.

4. Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal? Explain.

Answer:

Transport of material is essential for both plant and animal because it is the any way through which nutrients and oxygen are much avialble to all parts of the body. If in any are the transport of the necessary nutrients and oxygen does not reach all parts of the body will be able to survive.

5. What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?

Answer:

Blood cannot clot without the platelets so, if there is any dot, blood will continue to flow out and ultimately person die.

6. What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.

Answer:

Small pores in leaves of plants are called stomata.

Function of stomata - (i) exchange of games.

(ii) removal of excess water by transpiration.

7. Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.

Answer:

Due to transpiration, a section pressure develops which helps in transportation of water to a great height.

8. What are the components of blood?

Answer:

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma, dissolved gloucose and salts.

9. Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?

Answer:

Blood carries digested food and oxygen to all parts of body. It also carries away the waste products from differenet body parts.

10. What makes the blood look red?

Answer:

Haemoglobion.

11. Describe the function of the heart.

Answer:

Hearts collects and distributes blood from and to all parts of the body. 

12. Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?

Answer:

Waste products are harmful for the body and its presence in large quantity causes toxication. That is why it is necessary to excrete waste products.

13. Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.

11. Transportation in Animals and Plants

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Que. – Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal?

Ans. – All organisms need food, water and oxygen for survival. The plants absorb food and water through roots. They make food in leaves. Thus the animals also utilised  food in their various organs. They obtain these foods from intestine. These need a system which transports these foods to tissues. There also need the transportation of waste from body.

Que. – What is called the fluid part of blood?

Ans. – Plasma.

Que. – What is blood? Write its function.

Ans. –Blood is the fluid which flows in the blood vessels.

It transports substances like digested food from small intestine to other parts of body.
It carries oxygen from lungs.
It also transports wastes for removal from body.

Que. – What is the normal pulse rate in a resting person?

Ans. – 72 to 80 beats per minute.

Que. – Name the various kinds of blood cells. Write their functions.

Ans. –– There are three types of blood cells.

Red blood cells (RBC) – It contains haemoglobin which gives a red pigment to blood. It carry O2 and CO2. 
White blood cells (WBC) – It fights against germs that may enter our body. So these are called the soldiers of body.
Platelets – it forms clot of blood for stopping bleeding.

Que. – What are transported by these?

      (i)  Veins   (ii) Arteris

Ans. – (i) Veins – Veins carry the blood rich in carbon dioxide.

       (ii)  Arteries – these carry the blood rich in oxygen.                  

Que. – Write the type of blood vessels.

Ans. – There are three types of blood vessels.

       (i) Artery

       (ii)  Vein

       (iii)  Capillary

Que. – What are called the blood vessels where arteries joins veins?

Ans. –– Capillary.

Que. – What is pulse rate?

Ans. –The number of beats per minute is called the pulse rate.

Que. – How many chambers does the heart have?

Ans. – The heart has four chambers these are right Atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle.

Que. – What are the roles of partition between the chambers?

Ans. – The partition between chambers helps to avoid mixing up of blood rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.

Que. – Name the instrument by which the doctor hears the heartbeats.

Ans. –  Stethoscope.

Que. – What is excretion?

Ans. –  The process of removal of wastes produced in the cells of the living organisms is called excretion.

Que. – Name the excretory organs?

Ans. –   Kidneys, Ureters and urinary bladder.

Que. – Name the vascular tissues those transport the substances in plants.

Ans. – (i) Xylem  (ii)  Phloem

Que. – What are transported by the followings?

         (i) Xylem (ii) Phloem

Ans. – Xylem – it transports water and nutrients from roots to leaves and other part of plants.

        Phloem – it transports the food synthesised by leaves to all the parts of plants.

Que. – What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.

Ans. –  There are many small holes are present on the surface of the leaves, these are called stomata.

Functions of stomata.

(i) The process of transpiration takes place through stomata.
(ii) All gaseous exchanges take place through stomata.

(iii) Absorption of photo energy also takes place through stomata.

Que. – Describe the function of heart.

Ans. –     It pumps blood for life.

It collects and from all parts of body.
It distributes blood to all parts of body.

Que. – Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?

Ans. –    Waste products have toxin substances which is very harmful for our body so these are necessary to excrete out. 

Que. – Why is blood needed by all parts of a body?

Ans. –   Blood is a medium of transportations of various nutrients, food oxygen those body need. And it also carries out the waste products.

Que. – What are the components of blood?

Ans. –  Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are the main components of blood.

Que. – Name the instrument by which the doctor hears heart sound.

Ans. –   stethoscope.

Que. – What is tissue?

Ans. – A tissue is a group of cells that perform specialized function in an organism.

Que. – Write the role of root hair presence in the root of plants.

Ans. –  The roots have root hair, which increase the surface area of the root for the obsorption of water and mineral nutrients dissolved in water. 

Que. – Name the system which removes the wastes from the body.

Ans. –   Excretory system.

Que. – Write the function of haemoglobin?

Ans. –   Haemoglobin bind with oxygen and transports it to all the parts of the body and ultimately to all the cells. The presence of haemoglobin makes blood appear red.    

Extra Question:

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Que: Name Some useful products or materials that are carried by blood.

Ans: Food, water and oxygen are the products that are carried by blood to every part of the body.

Que: circulatory system consists of three major organs. Nmae those organs.

Ans: the circulatory system consists of three major organs, blood, blood vessels and heart.

Que: Give the name of blood component which is liquid and contains 90% water.

Ans: The sticky liquid part of the bllod, containing 90% water is called plasma.

Que: Name the organ which is locted in the chest cavity with its lower tip slightly tilted towards the left.

Ans: The heart is located in the chest cavity with itsw lower tip slightly tilted towards the left.

Que: RBC contains a red colored pigment which carries oxyen with it. What is the pigment called?

Ans: The red colored pigment of RBC that carries oxygen with it is called haemoglobin.

Que: veins have valves which allow blood to flow only in one direction. Arteries do not have valves. yet the blood flow in one direstion only. Cn you explain why.

Ans: Veins have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards and pooling, whereas arteries pump blood at very high pressures, whih naturally prevents back flow.

Que:In which from, the oxygen is transported to various body parts by heaemoglobin?

Ans: the red pigment, haemoglobin binds with oxygen to from oxyhaemoglobin which is transported to various body parts. 

Que: Certain greenish - blue lines appear just belowthe skin of our hands and leg. What are these?

Ans: The greenish - blue lines that appear just below the skin of our hands and legs are veins.

Que: human blood group is divided into how many group? name them.

Ans: Human blood group is divided into four group. These are A,B, AB and O.

Que: Blood is a fluid connective tissue. Justify?

Ans: Blood is a fluid which connects all the parts of body with each other.

Que: State the function of valves?

Ans: Valves prevent the back flow of blood between chambers of heart.

Que:Skin is also considered as an excretory organ. Give reson if you agree?

Ans: Yes, skin is an excretory orgen as it secretes waste products by releasing sweat from the surface.