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Chapter Review:

• Vitamin A – It keeps our skin and eyes healthy.
•  Vitamin C – It helps body to fight against many diseases.
• Vitamin D – It helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth.
• A violet colour indicates presence of proteins in the food item.
• Blue black colour indicates presence of starch in the food item.
• Night blindness, Beriberi, scurvy, Rickets, Goiter and anaemia are deficiency diseases.
• Loss of vision and night blindness occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin A.
• Beriberi occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin B1.
• Scurvy occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin C.
• Rickets occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin C.
• Goiter occurs due to deficiency of Iodine.
• Anaemia occurs due to deficiency of iron.
• Proteinss help in growth of body and healing of wounded tissues.
• Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins and Minerals are nutritional Components.
• Pulses, milk, egg, Fish, and  Soyabean are the main sources of proteins.
• Vitamin D is prepared in our body in presence of sunlight?

Exercise (NCERT Text Book)

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Q1: Name the major nutrients in our food.

Ans: Proteins, fats, carbohydrates and vitamins.

Q2: Name the following:

(a) The nutrients which mainly give energy to our body.

Ans: Fats and carbohydrates.

(b) The nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body.

Ans: Proteins.

(c) A vitamin required for maintaining good eyesight.

Ans: Vitamins A.

(d) A mineral that is required for keeping our bones healthy.

Ans: Calcium.

Q3. Name two foods each rich in:

(a) Fats

Ans: Ghee, Oils, butter, meat, egg, fish and nuts.

(b) Starch

Ans: Rice, Wheat, sugarcane, papaya, melon, mango and potato.

(c) Dietary fibre

Ans: fruits, vegetable and pulse.

(d) Protein

Ans: Pulse, soya bean, meat, milk, egg, fish and paneer.

Q4. Tick (√) the statements that are correct.

(a) By eating rice alone, we can fulfill nutritional requirement of our body. ()

(b) Deficiency diseases can be prevented by eating a balanced diet. ( )

(c) Balanced diet for the body should contain a variety of food items. ()

(d) Meat alone is sufficient to provide all nutrients to the body. ( )

Ans:

(b)         (√)

(c)          (√)

Q5. Fill in the blanks.

(a) ______________ is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D.

(b) Deficiency of ______________ causes a disease known as beri-beri.

(c) Deficiency of Vitamin C causes a disease known as ______________.

(d) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of ____________ in our food.

Ans:

(a) Ricket

(b) Vitamin B1

(c) Scurvy

(d) Vitamin A 

Important Questions with solution

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Q1: What are Nutrients?

Ans: The substances which give us energy to grow and to do work is called Nutrients.

Q2: What are nutritional Components?

Ans:  Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins and Minerals are nutritional Components.

Q3: What are the functions of Vitamins?

Ans:  Vitamins protect us from diseases and take care of the body.

Q4:  What is the function of Protein?

Ans: Proteinss help in growth of body and healing of wounded tissues.

Q5:  What are the main Functions of fats  and carbohydrates ?

Ans:  Fats and carbohydrates give us energy.

Q6:  Write Five sources of Protein ?

Ans:  Pulses, milk, egg, Fish, and  Soyabean are the main sources.

Q7:  What are the types of the Vitamins ?

Ans: There are two types of Vitamins.

1. Water soluble: - Vitamin B, Vitamin C, and Vit. D
2. fats soluble :- Vitamin A, E, K

Q8:  What are Fibres?

Ans: The skins of fruits and vegetables have a special kind of carbohydrate called fibre.

Q9: What are the functions of food?

Ans: Food gives us nutritional components which is responsible for energy, strength and growth of our body and also protect us from various diseases.

Q10:  Why do we need a balance diet?

Ans: A balance diet provide us energy, strength and growth of our body and also protect us from various diseases. It keeps our body fit and healthy.

Q11:  How will you test for starch presence in food?

Ans: We take sample of food item or a raw ingredient. Put 2 to 3 drops of dilute iodine solution on it. If it converts into a blue black colour which indicates that it contains starch. 

Q11:  Write the types of vitamins.

Ans: There are different kinds of vitamins.

1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin B-complex
3. VitaminC
4. VitaminD
5. VitaminE
6. VitaminK

Q12:  What is Vitamin B complex?

Ans: There is also a group of vitamins called Vitamin B-complex.

Q13:  Which Vitamin is prepared in our body in presence of sunlight?

Ans : Vitamin D

Q14:  What is roughage or fibrous food?

Ans : Roughage is dietary fibers which is mainly provided by plant products in our body.

Q15:  Write the main five source of roughage.

Ans :  Whole grains and pulses, potatoes, fresh fruits and vegetables are main sources of roughage.

Q16:  What are the benefits to take roughage in our food?

Ans : The benefit to take roughage in our food as follow;

1. It is an essential component of our food and adds to its bulk.
2. This helps our body get rid of undigested food.
3. It also helps to remove constipation.

Q17:  Why does our body need water?

Ans : Our body needs water as;

1. Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.
2. It also helps in throwing out some wastes from body as urine and sweat.

Q18:  What is balanced diet?

Ans : A diet which has all essential nutrients, roughage, and water is known as balanced diet.

Q19:  What are deficiency diseases?

Ans :  Diseases those occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.

Q20:  Mainly in what forms the carbohydrates are found in our body?

Ans : The carbohydrates are mainly found in our body in the form of starch and sugar.

Q21:  Name to two nutrients which give us energy?

Ans : Fats and Carbohydrates.

Q22:  Which nutrients give us more energy fats or carbohydrates?

Ans : Fats.

Q23:  Which nutrients containing food is called body building food?

Ans :  Food containing proteins are often called ‘body building foods’.

Q24:  What is the role of water with food?

Ans : the role of water with food.

1. Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.
2. It also helps in throwing out some wastes from body as urine and sweat.

Q25:  Which Vitamin gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking?

Ans : Vitamin C gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking.

Q26:  What is obesity?

Ans : A food rich in fats causes a fatty physical condition is called obesity.

Q27:  what is a functions of kinds of vitamins?

Ans : Functions of kinds of vitamins are -

Vitamin A – It keeps our skin and eyes healthy.

Vitamin C – It helps body to fight against many diseases.

Vitamin D – It helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth. 

Important Questions with solution

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Q1: Which Vitamin is prepared in our body in presence of sunlight?

Ans : Vitamin D

Q2:  What is roughage or fibrous food?

Ans : Roughage is dietary fibers which is mainly provided by plant products in our body.

Q3:  Write the main five source of roughage.

Ans:  Whole grains and pulses, potatoes, fresh fruits and vegetables are main sources of roughage.

Q4:  What are the benefits to take roughage in our food?

Ans : The benefit to take roughage in our food as follow;

1. It is an essential component of our food and adds to its bulk.
2. This helps our body get rid of undigested food.
3. It also helps to remove constipation.

Q17:  Why does our body need water?

Ans: Our body needs water as;

1. Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.
2. It also helps in throwing out some wastes from body as urine and sweat.

Q18:  What is balanced diet?

Ans: A diet which has all essential nutrients, roughage, and water is known as balanced diet.

Q19: What are deficiency diseases?

Ans:  Diseases those occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.

Q20:  Mainly in what forms the carbohydrates are found in our body?

Ans: The carbohydrates are mainly found in our body in the form of starch and sugar.

Q21:  Name to two nutrients which give us energy?

Ans: Fats and Carbohydrates.

Q22:  Which nutrients give us more energy fats or carbohydrates?

Ans: Fats.

Q23: Which nutrients containing food is called body building food?

Ans:  Food containing proteins are often called ‘body building foods’.

Q24:  What is the role of water with food?

Ans: the role of water with food.

1.Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.

2. It also helps in throwing out some wastes from body as urine and sweat.

Q25:  Which Vitamin gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking?

Ans: Vitamin C gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking.

Q26:  What is obesity?

Ans: A food rich in fats causes a fatty physical condition is called obesity.

Q27:  How will you test for presence of proteins in food items?

Ans:  First we take grinded or mashed small quantity of food item in a test tube, then two drops of solution of copper sulphate and ten drops of solution of caustic soda are added to the test tube by dropper and tube is shaken for a few minutes. If its colour turns into violet, which show the presence of proteins in food items. 

Q28:  What is beriberi?

Ans: Beriberi is a deficiency disease which occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin B1. In which the person has weak muscles and very little energy to work.

Q29: What are the symptoms of scurvy?

Ans: In scurvy patients have Bleeding gums, wounds take longer time to heal.